Matan, Department of Urdu & Iqbaliat, The Islamia University - Bahawalpur

MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal

Department of Urdu & Iqbaliat, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
ISSN (print): 2708-5724
ISSN (online): 2708-5732

علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ

  • Zia Ullah/
  • Dr. Rasheda Qazi/
  • June 30, 2025
A comparative study of the mystical views of Allama Iqbal and Khawaja Ghulam Farid
Keywords
Allama Iqbal, ٓKhawaja Ghulam Farid, South Asia, philosophical, mystical, Divine, selfhood, Poetry, Pakistani Literature.
Abstract

This article explores the intertwined philosophical and mystical conceptions of God, love, destiny, death, and the human soul through the poetic legacies of two towering figures of South Asian thought; Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938) and Khawaja Ghulam Farid (1845–1901). By juxtaposing Iqbal’s philosophical poetry, largely written in Persian and Urdu, with Farid’s mystical verse composed in Saraiki, the article highlights the resonance and divergence in their approaches to metaphysical realities. Both poets engage in an intellectual and spiritual dialogue with the Divine, but while Iqbal frames his vision in terms of the reconstruction of religious thought and the awakening of human selfhood (khudi), Farid emphasizes experiential mysticism, love (ishq), and surrender before the Beloved.

References

Farid, Khwaja. Diwan-i-Farid. Edited by: Javed Chandio. Bahawalpur: Saraiki Adabi Majlis, 1998.

Farid Khawaja. Diwan-i-Khwaja Farid. Edited by: Khwaja Tahir Mahmud Kurija. Lahore: Al-Faisal Nashiran, 2002.

Faridi, Mian Akhtar. “Khawaja Farid aur Ihtiram-i-Insaniyat aur Rawadari.” In: Mahnama Tazkar (Multan), vol. 4, February 2008.

Iqbal, Muhammad. Bal-i-Jibril. Lahore: Shaikh Ghulam Muhammad and Sons, 1935.

Iqbal, Muhammad. Zarb-i-Kalim. Edited by: Khawaja Hamid Yazdani. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2005.

Iqbal, Muhammad. Kulliyat-i Iqbal Farsi. Translated by: Professor Hamid Allah Shah Hashmi. Lahore: Maktabah Daniyal, 2013.

Masud, Muhammad Khalid. Atharwīn Sadi Esawi men Barsaghir men Islami Fikr ke Rehnuma. Islamabad: Idarah Tahqiqat-i-Islami, International Islamic University, 2008.

Mitla, Muhammad Aslam. Farid Nama. Rahim Yar Khan: Composing Lab, Kachahri Road, 1999.

Mitla, Muhammad Aslam. Farid Nama. Multan: Bazm-i-Saqafat, Mai Mehrban, Chowk Fawwara, 1999.

Qushayri, Abu’l-Qasim. Risalah Qushayriyah. Translated by: Dr. Pir Hasan. Islamabad: Idarah Tahqiqat-i Islami, International Islamic University, 2008.

How to cite

Ullah, Z., & Qazi, D. R. (2025). علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal, 6(1), 79–89. https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page

Retrieved from https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page

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ACM SIG Proceedings
[1]Ullah, Z. and Qazi, D.R. 2025. علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal. 6, 1 (June 2025), 79–89.
ACS Nano
(1)Ullah, Z.; Qazi, D. R. علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal 2025, 6 (1), 79–89.
ABNT
ULLAH, Zia; QAZI, Dr. Rasheda. علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal, v. 6, n. 1, p. 79–89, 30 June2025.
Chicago (author-date)

            
Harvard (Cite Them Right)
Ullah, Z. and Qazi, D.R. (2025) “علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ”, MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal, 6(1), pp. 79–89. Available at: https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page (Accessed: 9 May 2026).
IEEE
[1]Z. Ullah and D. R. Qazi, “علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ”, MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 79–89, June 2025, Accessed: May 09, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page
MLA
Ullah, Zia, and Dr. Rasheda Qazi. “علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ”. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal, vols. 6, no. 1, June 2025, pp. 79–89, https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page.
Turabian (full note bibliography)
Ullah, Zia, and Dr. Rasheda Qazi. “علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ”. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2025): 79–89. Accessed May 9, 2026. https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page.
Vancouver
1.Ullah Z, Qazi DR. علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal [Internet]. 2025 June 30 [cited 2026 May 9];6(1):79–89. Available from: https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page
AMA
1.Ullah Z, Qazi DR. علامہ اقبال اور خواجہ غلام فرید کے متصوفانہ نظریات کا تقابلی مطالعہ. MATAN (متْن) Urdu Research Journal. 2025;6(1):79–89. Accessed May 9, 2026. https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/6823a4605cde0/page

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Author(s):

PhD Scholar (Urdu), Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan

Pakistan

Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan.

Pakistan

  • drrashidaqazi@gmail.com

Details:

Type: Article
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Language: Urdu
Id: 6823a4605cde0
Pages 79 - 89
Published June 30, 2025

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