Literature is also a metaphor for resistance. When a society was exploited, the voice was raised through literature, many movements were also active for it. So many times the shadows of dictatorship fell on the Pakistani society. Along with the injustice and violation of human rights in the society, there will also be an attempt to suppress religious, economic and freedom of expression. At that time, the poets who raised the voice of protest against the dictators are Habib Jalib, Akhtar Hussain Jafari and Fahmida Riaz. In this paper, an attempt has been made to shed light on his achievements and his struggles.

1.             Dr. Ameer Arfi, Shehr-e-Ashoob: Ek Tajziya (Delhi: Maktaba Jama'ah, 1968), 23.

2.             Habib Jalib, Kulliyat-e-Jalib (Lahore: Tahir Sons Publishers, 2010), 197.

3.             Habib Jalib, Sha'ir-e-Shola Nawa, Murtaba: Saeed Parvez (Karachi: Maktaba Daniyal, 1991), 38.

4.             Habib Jalib, Kulliyat-e-Jalib, 79.

5.              Ibid, 140.

6.              Ibid, 293.

7.              Islah Saharab, Adrish, Murtaba: Hussain Anjam (Karachi: Jadwah, August 1993), 218.

8.              Akhtar Hussain Jafri, Akhri Ujala (Kulliyat) (Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publishers, 2008), 213.

9.              Ibid, 239.

10.            Ibid, 68.

11.            Pars Jan, Liberal Azam Par Marxi Tanqeed (Lahore: Lal Salam Publications, 2021), 368.

12.           Akhtar Hussain Jafri, Akhri Ujala (Kulliyat), 223.

13.            Fahmida Riaz, Main Matti Ki Murti Hoon (Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publishers, 1988), 273.

14.            Ibid, 47.

15.            Fahmida Riaz, Sab Lal-o-Gohar (Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publishers, 2011), 132.

16.           Ibid, 343.

17.           Aamir Hussain, "Dibaacha," included in Sab Lal-o-Gohar, Fahmida Riaz, 17.