1.        Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Kulliyat-e-Iqbal (Lahore: Iqbal Academy, Edition: Yazdaham, 2013 AD), 640.

2.        Encyclopaedia Britannica, Volume 9, 1957.

3.        "Gender and Religion," Encyclopedia of Society, Volume 1, p. 556.

1.       Julie Ruffken and Michael Ryan, "Tanisiat ke Nuqoosh: Ek Taaruf," translated by Arjumand Ara, included in Shash Mahi Tanqeed, Volume 2-4, Issue 1 (Ali Garh: Shoba Urdu, Ali Garh Muslim University, 2006 AD), 264-262.

4.        Muhammad Rafiq Azeem (Editor), Guftaar-e-Iqbal (Lahore: Idara-e-Tehqiqat-e-Pakistan, Danishgah Punjab, Second Edition: 1977 AD), 77-76.

5.        Yousuf Hussain Khan, Rooh-e-Iqbal (Nayi Delhi: Ghalib Academy, 1976 AD), 335.

6.        Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Kulliyat-e-Iqbal, 606.

7.   Dr. Hamira Shahbaz, "Afkar-e-Iqbal aur Khawateen ka Kirdar," included in Hilal Urdu (Pakistan Army Magazine), retrieved from: https://www.hilal.gov.pk/urdu-article/detail/MjcxNA==.html/

8.        Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Kulliyat-e-Iqbal, 606.

9.        Abul Hasan Nadwi, Nuqoosh-e-Iqbal (Karachi: Majlis Nashriyat-e-Islam, 1988 AD), 284.

10.      Yousuf Hussain Khan, Rooh-e-Iqbal, 336.

11.      Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Kulliyat-e-Iqbal, 608.

12.  Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Maqalat-e-Iqbal, compiled by Syed Abdul Wahid Maini / Muhammad Abdullah Qureshi (Lahore: Al-Qamar International Press, 2011 AD), 326.

13.      Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Kulliyat-e-Iqbal, 315-316.

14.      Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Maqalat-e-Iqbal, compiled by Syed Abdul Wahid Maini / Muhammad Abdullah Qureshi, 324-320.

15.      Dr. Basheera Ambreen, "Iqbal: Wujood-e-Zan aur Tasweer-e-Kainat" (Lahore: Darul Nawadir, 2019 AD), 56.

16.      Anwar Pasha (Editor), Tanisiat aur Adab (Nayi Delhi: Arshiya Publications, 2014 AD), 6.

17.      Dr. Wazir Agha, "Taqeedi Theory ke So Saal" (Islamabad: Sanjh Publications, 2012 AD), 165.

18.      Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Kulliyat-e-Iqbal, 605.

19.      Ibid, 604.

20.     Ibid, 607.

21.      Ibid, 609.